A battery is a useful device widely used to convert chemical energy into electricity. If we place an electric appliance in between its terminals the current produced will power the device. Battery is an indispensable item for many electronic devices and it is essential for devices that require power when no mains power is available. For example, without the battery, there would be no question of mobile phones or laptop computers.
The battery was invented 200 years back and these batteries are found almost everywhere in consumer and industrial products. Some common and practical examples where batteries are used include:
· in laptops,
· in cameras,
· in mobile phones,
· in cars,
· in watches and
· clocks,
· for security equipment,
· in electronic meters,
· for smoke alarms,
· formeters used to read gas,
· water and electricity consumption at home,
Batteries are used to power a camera for an endoscope used for looking internally in the human body, and for transponders used for toll collection on highways throughout the world Batteries tend to be split into two categories
Primary Batteries, these are not designed to be electrically re-charged, i.e. these batteries are disposable. Other type is secondary battery, which is designed to be re-charged, for example those used in mobile phones. In more recent years it has been necessary to design batteries with reduced size, but with increased life span and bigger storage capacity capacity.
If small size and high power is required then the 1.5V battery is used. For providing longer lifetime the 3 to 3.6V battery is used. In the 1970s the 1.5V manganese battery was increasingly replaced by the alkaline battery.
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