The application of an emitter resistor (R4) provides improved stability but it also gives reduced gain. When needed, we can restore the gain by wiring a high-value capacitor across R4.This keeps the emitter voltage substantially constant. Without the use of capacitor, the voltage at the emitter rises and falls with the signal. And hence it will provide negative feedback.
Lets take an example, as iB rises (tending to increase vBE),iC rises, and the emitter voltage goes up. This tends to decrease vBE, which decreases iC and resists the rise in emitter voltage. Different way of analyzing this is to say that the capacitor shunts the signal at the emitter through to the ground. This is the foremost reason why C3 is called a bypass capacitor. With this capacitor inplace, the voltage gain of the amplifier is about 280.The lower cut-off point is raised to 130 Hz, so bandwidth is somewhat reduced.
1 comments:
I am very curious to know how stable the gain with such a bypass capacitor is. What I mean is: does the resulting gain depend much on temperature or other external conditions? Does the gain vary much with different versions of the same transistor? As far as I understand the gain is determined by the internal emitter resistance, but how stable is this value?
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